摘要:
早在本雅明《技术复制时代的艺术作品》发表之前,瓦莱里已在《无处不在的攻占》一文中,讨论了新的技术对整个艺术领域可能带来的深远影响。他认为在现代社会中,艺术作品的可复制性进入人们的日常生活,而且无处不在,并改变了艺术作品本身的地位。也就是说,艺术作品不再是独一无二的,哪里有人,哪里就有它们,例如唱片、广播等,可以把音乐传遍全世界。瓦莱里写作这篇文章的时候,技术还远没发展到今天这个地步,互联网也是他无法想象的,但他坚信“一切都将发生”。
若从瓦莱里所说的时间算起,这100多年里的变化,确实可用“天翻地覆”来形容。我们早已身处信息时代,信息革命早将我们裹挟其中,甚至不由自主。新世纪以来信息技术突飞猛进,我们已经生活在手机时代。早上起来先看手机,晚上拿着手机入眠,这或许就是当代媒介化生存的缩影。当今的新媒介首先显示出技术为王的特色,网络媒介和数码技术不但改变了人们的阅读习惯,新技术和新媒介更是改变了人们的审美感受、感觉习惯和想象力,这也在很大程度上使得19世纪以降的文学分层更为突出和复杂,每个人似乎都有自己的“经典”和“必读”。尤其在当前这个图像僭越文字的时代,在这个毫无贵族气的时代,图像正在不断征服文字。对于视频媒介主导的文化的感受方式,自然有别于文字主宰的文化。屏幕阅读的明显缺陷(粗线条、浮躁性、跳跃性等),侵蚀着文学这一语言艺术的基石。
媒介化生存成为当代生活方式的激进化常态,由此形塑的生活经验变得瞬息万变、零散混杂。可以说,新媒介成为人们身体的再延伸、精神的新载体。在这种语境下,如何重新理解经典研究尤其是文学经典研究的当代性,成为新的学术挑战。文学经典是否因为这种媒介化的生存方式而远离人们的精神生活?如何通过创造性的研究连接经典与当下生存经验,也即激活经典的当代内涵与意义,使之成为再造人类自我理解和伦理诉求的永恒精神资源?这些极为重要的问题,不仅是当前激活文学教育当代价值的题中之义,也是重塑文学研究当代活力的关键所在。
北京师范大学主办的“新时代中国语言文学的创新与发展”长江学者论坛,是近年来中国语言文学学科高层次人才最集中、学科领域最齐全的一次盛会。借这次大会之机,我们邀请古代文学、中国现当代文学、外国文学和美学等研究领域的学者,举办“媒介化生存与(文学)经典研究的当代性”专题论坛,就上述话题展开“长江学者七人谈”,力图展现一场跨专业的对话和交流,现将学者们的观点呈现于此,与读者分享。
Abstract:
The media existence has become the radical evolution normal of the contemporary life style, and the life experience has also become rapidly changing and scattered. It can be said that new media has become a new carrier of people’s body and spirit. In this context, how to re-understand the contemporary nature of classical studies, especially literary classics, has become a new academic challenge. Is classics far away from people’s spiritual life because of the media existence? How to connect the classic with the current living experience through creative research? These extremely important questions are not only the meaning of activating the contemporary value of literature education, but also the key to reshaping the contemporary vitality of literature research.
The Yangtze River Scholars Forum on “Innovation and Development of Chinese Language and Literature in the New Era” sponsored by Beijing Normal University is a grand gathering with the most high-level talents and the most complete discipline fields in recent years. On the occasion of this conference, we invite six scholars in the fields of ancient literature, modern and contemporary Chinese literature, foreign literature and aesthetics to hold a special forum on “The Contemporariness of Media Survival and (Literature) Classic Research”, and launch a “seven person talk” on the above topics, in an effort to make an interdisciplinary dialogue and exchange. Now, we present the views of the scholars here.
. 媒介化生存与文学经典研究的当代性——长江学者七人谈(方维规、左东岭、陈引驰、孙郁、贺桂梅、金雯、张法)[J]. 探索与争鸣, 2019(10): 4-21.
Fang Weigui & Zuo Dongling & Chen Yinchi & Sun Yu & He Guimei & Jin Wen & Zhang Fa. Media Existence and the Contemporariness of Literary Classics
——A Talk by Seven Yangtze River Scholars[J]. Exploration and Free Views, 2019(10): 4-21.