摘要：
1789年的法国大革命诞生了现代性的爱国主义，也创造了新的政治象征。祖国祭坛及其饰物、铭文与仪式作为秩序革新的标志，在时间与空间、政体与国体的不同维度扩展开来。由此形成了爱国主义的象征体系，塑造了“祖国”与“爱国”之间的象征性权力。象征体系使人们看见、相信，继而选择一定的观念、实践与政治生活。从祖国祭坛出发，大革命既更迭了一种语言符号系统，又创建了一个新的政治社会、一个民族国家。民主革命的“共和国”、民族革命的“法兰西”与象征革命的“祖国母亲”从此结合，催生出一种普遍一致的爱国情感。它形成了革命时代的祖国崇拜，也成为后革命时代公民宗教的一部分。它既致力于塑造公民身份，培育对国家事务的参与意识，又巩固了民族国家的政治共识，融入现代生活的公共记忆里。
关键词:
祖国祭坛,
爱国主义,
象征物,
话语修辞,
政治仪式
Abstract:
The French Revolution in 1789 gave birth to modern patriotism as well as new political symbols. As signs of this renewed political order, decorations, inscriptions and ceremonies around the altar of the motherland (autel de la patrie) had been spread in all dimensions, whether temporal or spatial, institutional or national. Therefore, the symbolic power between patrie and patriotism originated along with a symbolic system of modern patriotism, making people watch and believe, preferring certain kinds of ideas, practices and political life. Based on autel de la patrie, the French Revolution regenerated a symbolic system while creating a new political society and a nation-state. The République of the democratic revolution, the France in national revolution and the Mère-patrie through the symbolic revolution combined, thus generating a general unified passion of patriotism. This had forged the culte of patrie during the revolution while becoming an essential part of civil religion in post-revolutionary era. It's devoted to molding citizenship, fostering awareness of democratic participation while consolidating political consensus of nation-state in collective memories of modern society.
Key words:
autel de la patrie,
patriotism,
symbol,
discourse rhetoric,
political ceremony
于京东. 政治现象学的理论与实践 | 法国大革命中的祖国崇拜——一项关于现代爱国主义的政治现象学考察[J]. 探索与争鸣, 2019(10): 55-66.
Yu Jingdong. The Culte of Patrie in the French Revolution
——An Analysis of Political Phenomenology on Modern Patriotism[J]. Exploration and Free Views, 2019(10): 55-66.