摘要： 近几十年来，西方知识界主流大幅度左转，具有了明显的民粹倾向。基于这种立场，他们将特朗普现象解释为右翼民粹主义。他们修正了传统的民粹主义概念，也曲解了特朗普的思想和言行。当代美国的民粹主义基于激进进步主义和后现代主义价值观念，其锚定的社会基础是经济上的底层、以国家福利为生者以及文化上的各种弱势和边缘群体，他们大多属于特朗普的反对者。特朗普攻击精英，但并不反对而是维护精英主导的社会秩序；他并不一般地反对多元主义，而是反对走向极端的多元文化主义；对他的排外和种族主义的批评，是基于后现代多元文化主义和全球主义立场的偏见。特朗普的公共政策明显具有新保守主义特征，只是其个性特征和行为方式带有某种民粹色彩，但仅据此不足以判定其属于民粹主义者。特朗普现象属于由现代社会向后现代社会转变时期的保守主义，是抵制美国社会激进的后现代主义和走向民粹化趋势的力量。

关键词: 民粹主义, 特朗普现象, 保守主义, 后现代主义, 激进进步主义, 多元文化主义

Abstract: In recent decades, the mainstream of western intellectual has turned to the left by a large margin, with an obvious populist tendency. Based on this position, they interpret the Trump phenomenon as right-wing populism. They revised the traditional populist concept and distorted Trump’s thoughts, words and deeds. The populism in America is based on the values of radical progressivism and postmodernism. Its anchored social basis is the bottom of the economy, the people who live on the national welfare, all kinds of weak and marginal groups in culture. Most of them is Trump’s opponents. Trump attacks the elite, but maintains the social order dominated by the elite; he is not generally against pluralism, but against the extreme multiculturalism; his criticism of xenophobia and racism is based on the prejudice of post-modern multiculturalism and globalism. Trump’s public policy obviously has the characteristics of neo-conservatism, but its personality and behavior have some populist color, however, it is not enough to judge that Trump belongs to populists. Trump phenomenon belongs to conservatism in the period of transition from modern society to postmodern society. It is a force to resist the radical postmodernism and the trend of populism in American society.

Key words: populism, Trump phenomenon, conservatism, postmodernism, radical progressivism, multiculturalism