摘要： 中国思想史的研究目前积累了不少成果。它们提供了大量的材料梳理及分析提炼，成就有目共睹，缺憾也不容回避。需进一步关注的主要问题包括：什么是“封建”，如何认识中国古代“封建社会”及社会形态的分期？什么是“启蒙”，中国古代思想史上是否存在“启蒙”，可否用“启蒙”作为把握中国思想史脉动规律的抓手？为什么说中国思想史上“人的觉醒”的时期不是魏晋而是周代？叙写中国思想史，将“五经”及史书排除在外是否合理？如何理解汉代思想界儒家与道家此消彼长又相互统一的特征？如何厘析“魏晋风度”的内涵，在肯定其积极意义的同时正视其负面影响？为什么不赞同“隋唐佛学”“宋明理学”“清代实学”的现有提法，而提出“隋唐宋元儒学”与“明清启蒙”的分期概括？思想史的考察重点到底应当是“物”还是“人”？基于上述诘问，发出“重写中国思想史”的呼唤。

关键词: 中国思想史, 问题意识, 反思, 重写

Abstract:  At present, many achievements have been accumulated in the study of the history of Chinese thought. They provide a large number of materials to sort out, analyze and re?ne, the achievements are obvious, while the defects are also unavoidable. The main problems that need further attention include: what is “Feudalism”, how to understand the ancient Chinese “feudal society” and the stages of social forms? Is there “enlightenment” in the history of ancient Chinese thought? Can we use “enlightenment” as the starting point to grasp the context of the history of Chinese thought? Why does “human awakening” period not appear in the Wei and Jin Dynasties but in the Zhou Dynasty? Is it reasonable to exclude the “Five Classics” and historical books when writing the history of Chinese thought? How to understand the mutual unity of Confucianism and Taoism in the Han Dynasty? How to analyze the connotation of “Wei Jin style”? Why put forward “Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan Confucianism” and “Ming， Qing enlightenment” by stages? Should the focus be “things” or “people”? On the basis of the above questions and new ideas, we should call for “rewriting the history of Chinese thought.

Key words: history of Chinese thought, problem consciousness, re?ection, rewrite