摘要： 半工业化是传统手工业与近现代大机器工业的桥梁和纽带。当代半工业化有其存在和发展的历史逻辑和经济逻辑，并对中国的工业化作出了相应的贡献。当前，中国工业化进程仍在深化、完成的过程中。“劳动替代资本和技术”这个半工业化赖以存在和发展的基本条件并没有改变，但由于中国人口发展进程、经济结构性变迁等阶段性的现实影响，劳动已经显现出量价失衡。在5G通信和物联网等新技术冲击下，新时代劳动替代资本和技术的方式以及其适应性演化中展现的新特征值得密切关注。5G时代半工业化仍将继续存在，并将影响中国制造业乃至整个工业化进程后半段的适应性演化方向。展望半工业化在5G时代的存续与发展，有助于认识中国工业化后半程的内涵与可能路径，并据此作出相应的对策选择。

关键词: 半工业化, 工业化, 5G, 劳动－资本－技术, 退行性演化, 适应性演化

Abstract:  Semi industrialization is the bridge and link between traditional handicraft industry and modern large machine industry. Contemporary semi industrialization has its historical and economic logic of existence and development, and has made corresponding contribution to China’s industrialization. Under the impact of 5G and other new technologies, the way of labor replacing capital and technology in the new era and the new characteristics in its adaptive evolution deserve close attention. In the 5G era, semi industrialization will also exist, and will affect the adaptive evolution direction of China’ s manufacturing industry and even the second half of the whole industrialization process. Looking forward to the existence and development of the semi industrialization in the 5g era will help us to understand the connotation and possible path of the latter half of China’s industrialization, and make corresponding countermeasures accordingly. 

Key words: semi industrialization, industrialization, 5G, labor-capital-technology, retrograde evolution, adaptive evolution