摘要： 建立于传统经验基础上的公共卫生防控体系主要包括三个方面：隔离传染源、切断传播 途径与保护易感人群。进入工业化时代以来，社会流动加速，世界融为一体，面对新公 共卫生事件的冲击时，考虑到隔离将要造成的巨大社会经济损失，决策者的决断更加困 难，社会大众的接受更加不易。既有的防控治理体系看似严密，却难以及时有效转化为 应急所需的治理能力，应对新公共卫生事件或其他重大应急事件时在现有治理体系和预期中的应急治理能力之间的差距，即为"治理滞距"。治理滞距的生成机制出自三个过程： 疫病传播过程导致的辨判困难；社会过程中存在的动员困难；治理过程中难以让趋于常 规化的治理体系建立真正有效的应急治理能力。不得不承认，人类不可能消除治理滞距， 只能压缩它或者实施有效的补救。作为一个对人民负责任的政府和对世界负责任的大国， 需要不断改进，把压缩治理滞距的能力提升到极致。 

关键词: 突发公共卫生事件, 治理滞距, 治理体系, 治理能力, 应急治理 

Abstract: Based on the traditional experience, the public health prevention and control system mainly includes three aspects: isolation of infectious sources, cutting o? the transmission channels and protection of vulnerable people. The existing prevention and control system seems to be tight, but it is di?cult to transform it into the governance capacity needed for emergency in time and e?ectively. The gap between the existing governance system and the expected emergency governance capacity in response to new public health events or other major emergency events is called “governance lag”. The formation mechanism of governance lag comes from three processes: the di?culty of identi?cation and judgment caused by the spread of epidemic disease; the di?culty of mobilization in the social process; and the di?culty of establishing a truly e?ective emergency governance capability by a more conventional governance system in the governance process. We have to admit that it is impossible for human beings to eliminate governance lag, only to compress it or to implement e?ective remedy. 

Key words: public health emergencies, governance lag, governance system, governance capacity, emergency governance