摘要： 作为情绪劳动原初的理论基础，异化理论在解释情绪劳动时存在着绝对论、适用领域局限、批判与保守之间的张力等问题。与之相反，治理术概念，尤其是新自由主义治理术，以其对主体性的关注及对社会压迫的多元理解，克服了异化理论的单向度，可以更好地解释情绪劳动带给个体的双面影响、情绪劳动过程的动态性及个体的相对自主性和能动性。情绪劳动的多元适用，提供了一种理解情绪劳动的动态的、多维度的及多方向的理论视角和情绪劳动研究的后结构主义范式。对于当前中国的情绪劳动研究而言，基于治理术视角探讨情绪劳动的政治经济比较、情绪劳动的文化比较、情绪劳动规则的谱系演变及情绪劳动中的个体抵抗，是未来研究可以着重加强的地方。

关键词: 情绪劳动, 异化理论, 治理术, 新自由主义

Abstract: As the theoretical origin of emotional labor, the theory of alienation faces the problem of absolutism, the limitation of the applicable ?eld, and the tension between criticism and conservation. On the contrary, governmentality, especially the neoliberal governmentality, has overcome the unidirection of the theory of alienation based on its  attention to subjectivity and diverse understanding of social subjugation. It can better explains the double-edged effects that emotional labor brings to individuals, the dynamic nature of the emotional labor process as well as the relative autonomy of the subject, and the multi-application of emotional labor, providing a more dynamic, multi-dimensional and multi-directional theoretical perspective for understanding emotional labor and a post-structural paradigm of emotional labor research. For the current studies of emotional labor in China,  exploring  the political and economic comparison of emotional labor, the cultural comparison of emotional labor, the genealogical evolution of emotional labor rules, and the individual resistance during emotional labor based on the perspective of governmentality, are four areas that future researches can focus on.

Key words: emotional labor, theory of alienation, governmentality, neoliberalism