摘要：
对于现代化建设而言，市场竞争逻辑和社会保护逻辑分别具有不同的积极功能。但是，在种种历史和现实因素的影响之下，市场竞争逻辑和社会保护逻辑如若按照其各自的“本性”而自然演化的话，就必然会分别催生出“资本至上陷阱”和“福利过度陷阱”两种有害的情形。“资本至上陷阱”主要表现为：资本高于一切；基本否定了再分配领域的极端重要性；忽略了非经济领域发展的极端重要性。其危害表现在：严重地损害大多数人正当的切身利益；严重地破坏生产力；严重地毁坏自然生态环境；严重地损害社会的团结和安全。“福利过度陷阱”的主要特征表现为：社会成员的权利和义务的分离；相对看重社会的再分配，而相对看轻社会的初次分配；相对重视社会福利，而相对轻视经济发展。其严重危害表现在：减弱社会的活力和创造力；削弱国家的可持续发展能力；造成“平等权利过度”的社会不公现象；催生出一个具有广泛民众性基础的既得利益群体；矫正福利过度现象的难度甚至要大于矫正资本至上现象的难度。显然，市场竞争逻辑和社会保护逻辑两者保持一种协调推进的状态，使两者之间的张力转换成一种强劲的现代化内生动力，是一个国家现代化建设得以有效、健康、持续推进的关键所在。
关键词:
市场竞争逻辑,
社会保护逻辑,
资本至上陷阱,
福利过度陷阱,
协调推进
The logic of market competition and the logic of social protection have different positive functions for the modernization construction. However, if they evolve naturally according to their respective“nature”
under the influence of various historical and practical factors, they will inevitably give birth to two harmful
situations—— the“trap of capital supremacy”and the“trap of welfare expansion”. The“trap of capital
supremacy”is mainly manifested as follows: Capital is above everything; it basically negates the extreme
importance of the field of redistribution; it ignores ignoring the extreme importance of development in non-
economic fields. The main characteristics of the“trap of welfare expansion”are the separation of rights
and obligations of social members; relatively value the redistribution of society, but relatively despise the
initial distribution of society; relatively attach importance to social welfare and relatively despise economic
development. Obviously, it is the key to a effective, healthy and sustainable promotion of a country’s
modernization that keeps the logic of market competition and the logic of social protection maintain a state
of coordinated promotion, and makes the tension between them to be transformed into a strong endogenous
driving force of modernization.