在宅基地三权分置研究中，很多学者注意到了资格权的特殊性，并将其界定为特殊的用益物权，这种主张看到了问题，但没有看到宅基地资格权特殊性背后更多的法权逻辑。宅基地资格权应界定为土地所有权在封闭社区中的一种实现形式背后的理论依据是农村社会集体与成员形成的一种新型总有关系。农村土地所有权在封闭的社区中，只有通过资格权，三权分置后的宅基地使用权才能获得有效的活力及合法性。宅基地所有权作为一种集体公有制的法权，其源于集体成员土地所有权的让渡或为保障集体成员生存权、居住权的制度基础。因此，其承载了更多的农村社会公共利益的功能。在城市化不断推进的过程中，为推动农村社会获得更多的土地财产权收益，推动三权分置制度改革，在准确定性资格权的基础上，宅基地使用权可以进一步财产权化。

三权分置, 资格权, 使用权, 新型总有

In the three rights separation of rural land, many scholars have noticed the uniqueness of the qualification right and defined it as a special usufruct right. However, this view fails to recognize the legal logic behind the special nature of the qualification right. As a kind of collective communal legal right, the ownership of rural land as a residential lot originates from the cession of land ownership by collective members or as an institutional basis to guarantee the right of survival or residence of collective members. Therefore, it carries more functions related to rural public interests. In the process of promoting rural property rights and the reform of three rights separation system, the right to use rural residential land can be further commercialized.

separation of three rights, qualification right, right to use, a new type of total relationship