当前的人工智能仍然属于图灵机，其采用的是经验主义和进化论原则。GPT 是图灵机的一种升级版，其思维方式已经从机械主义转变为经验主义和进化论。从根本上说，人工智能突破奇点尚需获得自我意识、反思性和创造性，这意味着必须建立人工智能自己的语言，并将“数据作业”转变为“思想作业”——虽然不一定需要先天语法，但需要有先验的逻辑。尽管目前人工智能技术尚未突破奇点，但技术文明的发展水平已经远远超过制度文明的发展水平，未来这将划时代地全面改变世界。因此，人类需要一个“新启蒙运动”来应对新技术所带来的问题，注重技术发展与制度演化之间的平衡，以确保人工智能技术的发展能够为人类带来更多福祉。

GPT, 人工智能, 主体性, 图灵机, 奇点

Current artificial intelligence is still Turing machine, which adopts empirical and evolutionary principles. GPT is an upgraded version of the Turing machine, and its thinking mode has changed from mechanistic to empirical and evolutionary. To achieve the singularity breakthrough of artificial intelligence technology, it is necessary to achieve self-awareness, reflexivity and creativity, which means that one must establish its own language and transform “data work” into “thinking work”. Although innate grammar may not be necessary, it requires prior logic. Although artificial intelligence technology has not yet broken through the singularity, the development level of technological civilization has far exceeded that of institutional civilization, and this will fundamentally change the world in the future. Therefore, humanity needs a “new enlightenment movement” to address the problems brought about by new technology, focusing on the balance between technological development and institutional evolution to ensure that the development of artificial intelligence technology can bring more well-being and social progress to humanity.

GPT, artificial intelligence, subjectivity, Turing machine, singularity