摘要：

全球化是全球众人关注的重大课题。全球化与现代化是以资本主义社会制度为载体逐步发展起来的。1917 年十月革命胜利至 1991 年苏联解体，是社会主义现代化、全球化与资本主义现代化、全球化两种模式对峙和对抗的格局。1991 年苏联解体后，全球化呈现出五个新特点。第一，以信息化为先导的新科技革命更加全方位、加速度地迅猛发展。第二，当代世界资本主义更加明显地从传统的垄断资本主义即帝国主义阶段发展到了社会资本主义的新阶段。第三，出现了反全球化的逆流。第四，中国自 1978 年实行改革开放以来迅速和平崛起，内政和外交都在摆脱、超越传统的苏联模式，探求建设中国特色的社会主义。第五，和平与发展已取代战争与革命，成为当今时代主题或世界主题。未来全球化的趋势将是科技全球化与经济全球化两大主流的交汇更加密切，更富成效。世界各国政府和人民携手共建人类命运共同体，太空化、宇宙化是比全球化更加远大、更具吸引力的新千年远景。

关键词:

全球化, 反全球化, 新科技革命, 资本主义, 社会主义, 共产主义

Abstract:

Globalization is a significant issue of global concern. It has gradually developed alongside the modernization of capitalist social systems. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, globalization exhibited five new characteristics. Firstly, the new technological revolution led by information technology has rapidly and comprehensively advanced. Secondly, contemporary world capitalism has transitioned from traditional monopoly capitalism or imperialism to a new stage of social capitalism. Thirdly, there has been a rise in anti-globalization sentiments. Fourthly, since the implementation of reforms and opening up from 1978, China has experienced rapid and peaceful rise, breaking away from and surpassing the traditional Soviet model, and exploring the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in both domestic and foreign affairs. Lastly, peace and development have replaced war and revolution, becoming the current theme or global agenda. The future trend of globalization will witness a closer convergence between technological globalization and economic globalization, resulting in greater effectiveness. Governments and people worldwide should join hands to build a community with a shared future for mankind, and the exploration of space and the universe represents a grander and more appealing vision for the new millennium than globalization alone.

Key words:

globalization, anti-globalization, new technological revolution, capitalism, socialism, communism