建构中华民族现代文明、中国式现代化、人类文明新形态，需要把握文明本质、反思文明兴衰。文明兴衰是一个多因素、多变量相互纠缠的复杂行为过程，文明之兴源于人的正向行为，文明之衰源于人的不合理行为，行为是生成、理解文明的关键。打磨、涂层、编织三种原型行为的不断更新、转换构成了文明的变迁。转换的结构合理，也就是文明的合理化；在变迁中保持合理性，也就是文明的兴盛。行为的目的未得到有效厘清，行为的演进、创新被制约、压抑，不同行为间的融通、互鉴出现失调、隔断，是造成文明出现问题的行为学根源。现代性语境下，导致文明衰落的结构性原因是行为与制度的涂层化，即行为以及社会体制机制服务于营建表面光鲜的暂时繁荣。防范文明衰落，需要对“行为 - 环境 - 制度 - 主体”这个文明运行生态进行自觉的行为伦理调适。反省行为的目的，增加行为的公共性、质朴性、弹性，对于推进文明进步、防范文明衰败，具有基础作用。

文明兴衰, 行为逻辑, 涂层陷阱, 文明批评史

To construct the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, a Chinese-style modernization and a new form of human civilization requires grasping the essence of civilization and reflecting on its rise and fall. The process of civilization’s rise and fall is complex, involving multiple intertwined factors and variables. Civilization’s rise is rooted in positive human behavior, while its decline is linked to unreasonable behavior. Behavior is the key to generating and understanding civilization. The continuous updating and transformation of the three prototype behaviors—polishing, coating and weaving—represent the changes of civilization. The structure of its transformation is reasonable, which is the rationalization of civilization. Maintaining rationality in change is the prosperity of civilization. To prevent the decline of civilization, it is necessary to consciously adjust behavioral ethics to the ecological operation of civilization. The purpose of reflective behavior is to increase its publicity, simplicity, and resilience, which plays a fundamental role in promoting civilization progress, and preventing civilization decline.

rise and fall of civilization, behavioral logic, coating traps, history of civilization criticism