摘要：

20世纪末以来的中国现当代文学研究中，“历史化”理念不是泛泛地探讨文学和历史的关系，而是要建立一套文学价值评判的话语体系，以解决20世纪末以来现当代文学研究中出现的学术品质退化问题。很多研究者偏向在历史本体和文学之间寻找某种联系，但所谓“历史化”的“历史”并非历史学意义上的历史本体视野，而应当是文学的历史经验视野，现当代文学研究的“历史化”无非是在文学历史经验视野下对现当代文学研究对象进行审视。这种范式的合法性来自文学历史经验所拥有的能超越具体历史阶段的“未来性”基因。故“历史化”在本质上其实是一种依托文学历史经验“未来性”，“让历史告诉未来”的“未来化”。不过要警惕的是，文学历史经验的“未来性”并不是不证自明的现成答案，而是需要不断辨析。所以，“历史化”不是一种对经验的守成，而是在探索基础上和文学研究对象之间进行的对话。

关键词:

现当代文学研究, 历史化, 文学历史经验, 未来化

Abstract:

In the study of modern and contemporary Chinese literature since the end of the 20th century, the concept of “historicizing” does not merely explore the relationship between literature and history in a broad sense. Instead, it seeks to establish a discourse system for evaluating literary values to address the issue of academic deterioration in modern and contemporary literary research. Many researchers tend to find a connection between historical ontology and literature. However, the “historicizing” history is not the historical ontology in the sense of history but should be understood as the historical experience of literature. The “historicizing” of modern and contemporary literary research is essentially an examination of the research objects from the perspective of the historical experience of literature. Therefore, “historicization” is in essence a kind of “futurization” that relies on the “futurity” of literary historical experience and “lets history tell the future”. However, it is important to note that the “futurity” of literary-historical experience is not a self-evident and readymade answer, but needs to be constantly analyzed. Therefore, “historicization” is not a kind of conformity to experience, but a dialogue between the object of literary research and the object of exploration.

Key words:

modern and contemporary literary studies,  historicization,  literary historical experience,  futurization