研究中国传统思想与 20 世纪中国革命之关系，须注意中国传统自身的复杂性与流变性，既要避免对中国传统进行本质主义化的处理，又不宜将近代中国的变革简单归结为民族主义思潮使然。中国传统思想与 20 世纪中国革命之间在观念层面有一定的勾连，传统思想中的核心价值具体而细微地影响着革命者对于时势的认识，但在实践层面，特别是在政治与社会实践层面，不能忽视传统与革命之间的扬弃关系，只谈“延续性”或只谈“断裂性”都有一定问题。研究包括中国传统近代转型在内的思想史问题，须直面近代资本主义对中国的影响与冲击，避免对后者有各式各样的主观想象。

中国传统思想, 20 世纪中国革命, 列文森, 沟口雄三

When studying the relationship between traditional Chinese thought and the 20th century Chinese revolution, it is crucial to acknowledge the complexity and fluidity of Chinese tradition. It is imperative to avoid both essentializing Chinese tradition and oversimplifying the changes in modern China as solely a result of nationalist sentiments. There exists a certain connection at the conceptual level between traditional Chinese thought and the 20th century Chinese revolution, where the core values of traditional thought have specifically and subtly influenced revolutionaries’ understanding of the times. However, at the practical level, especially in terms of political and social practices, the relationship between tradition and revolution cannot be overlooked. It is problematic to focus solely on “continuity” or “rupture”. When studying the history of ideas, including the modern transformation of Chinese tradition, one must confront the influence and impact of modern capitalism on China, avoiding various subjective imaginings about it.

traditional Chinese thought, 20th century Chinese revolution, Joseph R. Levenson, Yuzo Mizoguchi