摘要：
文明史叙事是一个关乎人类从过去、经现在走向未来的大历史叙述。第一轴心期让人们高度关注作为文明源头的过去。这促成了一种文明史叙事的基本倾向：人们不仅习惯于在面对困境时回到第一轴心期寻找解决方案，而且将自己面对的一切境遇归之于第一轴心期，进而将人类的命运紧紧地与第一轴心期关联在一起。这是一种具有深厚根由的思维模式，但也是一种缺陷愈来愈明显的思维定势：第一轴心期的迷思，遮蔽了关注第二轴心期的目光。第二轴心期是近四百年渐次展开的时期，它不同于处理人己关系的第一轴心期，着重处理的是人机关系。它是人类走向一个崭新未来的时期。能不能够从面向过去的第一轴心时代迈进面对未来的第二轴心时代，是人类文明正面临的一个究竟是堵塞未来还是敞开未来的重大决断。
关键词:
文明史,
第一轴心期,
第二轴心期,
过去,
未来
Abstract:
Narrative of civilization history is a grand historical account concerning humanity’s journey from the past, through the present, towards the future. The First Axial Age drew significant attention to the past as the source of civilization. People not only habitually returned to the First Axial Age for solutions when facing difficulties but also attributed all their circumstances to it, thereby closely linking human destiny to the First Axial Age. The Second Axial Age is the period gradually unfolding over the past four hundred years. Unlike the First Axial Age, which dealt with relationships between people and others, it focuses on relationships between people and machines. This represents a period in which humanity is moving towards a new future.
Key words:
任剑涛. 重大基本理论问题研究（十四）|敞开未来：文明史叙事的第一轴心期迷思与第二轴心期拓展[J]. 探索与争鸣, 2024(11): 78-92.
Ren Jiantao. Opening the Future: The Myth of the First Axial Age and the Expansion of the Second Axial Age in Narratives of Civilization History[J]. Exploration and Free Views, 2024(11): 78-92.