学生欺凌治理应当以二元论为基础，不断对学生欺凌治理进行系统化的法律建构。其基本思路是，在一元治理体系之外，以未成年人为基准，建构以学校为中心的学生欺凌治理体系。一方面，通过管教权建构学校管教体系及社会支持体系，不断完善学生欺凌治理体系。另一方面，通过建构学生欺凌治理能力标准体系、提升体系和评价体系，全面提升学校的学生欺凌治理能力。只有对学生欺凌二元治理进行全面性、整体性、体系化的顶层设计，才能有效应对学生欺凌问题，实现前端治理。同时，二元治理并非仅限于学校治理层面。二元治理格局不仅在于学校与成人社会的分治，更在于形成二元治理结构促成共治。因此，二元治理还需要建构二元协同机制，塑造分级干预、分层治理体系。从更长远计，应当充分重视并考量学校作为“未成年人社会”这一基本属性，以学校为基本场域，整合关于未成年人的相关制度规范，建构与“未成年人社会”相适应的法律系统和治理体系。

未成年人, 学生欺凌, 校园暴力, 一元治理, 二元治理

The governance of student bullying should be based on dualism and systematically constructed by law. The basic approach is to construct a school centered student bullying governance system to protect juveniles. On the one hand, we can continuously improve the system of student bullying governance by constructing a school discipline system and social support system. On the other hand, we can comprehensively enhance the school’s student bullying governance capacity by constructing a standard system, improvement system, and evaluation system for student bullying governance. In order to effectively solve the problem of student bullying and achieve front-end governance, we must design a comprehensive system for the dual governance of student bullying. At the same time, the dual governance pattern is not only the separation of schools and adult society, but also in the co-governance with a dual governance structure. Therefore, we should also construct a binary collaborative mechanism and hierarchical intervention and governance system. In the future, we can integrate the institutional system of juveniles and construct a legal and governance system that is suitable for the “juvenile society”.

juveniles, student bullying, violence in schools, unified governance, dualistic governance