个人数据收益分配过度向资本倾斜使个体沦为“赛博无产”的情况，已引发广泛关注与批判。个人数据作为数据来源者与数据处理者社会合作的产物，其价值理应由双方共享。既有数据财产确权理论方案未能跳脱出传统私有财产权制度在排他性维度上厘定数据归属的思维惯性，仅能在数据来源者与数据处理者间作出非此即彼的权利配置。当下，应该探索一种容他性个人数据使用权方案，在将个人数据使用权定位为人格权积极使用权能的基础上，通过构造个人数据许可使用机制与集体性的行权机制，为个人积极主张数据财产利益提供支持，改变个人在数据价值分配关系中的附庸地位，同时亦为个人与数据处理者对数据财富的社会化共建与制度性共享提供新的可能。

个人数据, 数据使用权, 容他性, 许可使用, 集体行权

The disproportionate distribution of personal data revenue towards capital has garnered significant attention and critique. As a social collaboration between data source and processor, personal data is due for value sharing by both parties. Current data property rights theory schemes cannot escape the traditional private property rights regime’s mental habit of determining data ownership in an exclusive dimension, offering only an all-or-nothing allocation of rights between the data source and processor. In contrast, this manuscript proposes a convivial personal data usage rights scheme. By positioning the utilization rights of personal data as a positive right, it aids individuals to actively argue for the interests of data property. It revises individual subordination in the relationship of data value distribution and also explores new possibilities for the joint construction of data wealth by individuals and data processors and institutionalized sharing for societal harmony.

personal data, data usufruct, non-exclusivity, licensing use, collective enforcement of rights