算法技术与人类社会的深度融合已成为一种重要趋势，算法嵌入政府治理形成了算法行政新范式。然而，算法运行过程的不可感知性及其对公共价值影响的不确定性，导致了实践中算法霸权、算法歧视、算法偏见等一系列异化现象的出现，现有的算法规制手段难以有效应对这些风险。在算法影响评估制度的基础上，借鉴物理学意义上保险丝所具有的“熔断—补救”机制，可以建构一种综合性算法规制分析框架——算法行政“保险丝”机制。算法行政“保险丝”机制包括场景分析、阈值设置、熔断监测、纠偏修正四项主要步骤，它将“事前预防”与“事后维护”两种规制策略加以联结，弥补了算法影响评估制度缺少事后补救环节的不足。这一机制可以帮助政府在算法行政风险外溢之前及时感知、准确判定、主动预防算法风险，实现算法规制的关口前移和化解纠偏，最大限度地维护公共价值。

算法规制, 算法行政“保险丝”机制, 算法影响评估, 保险丝原理, 熔断补救

Algorithmic technology is increasingly integrated into human society, the embedding of algorithms into government sectors forms a new paradigm of algorithmic administration. However, the imperceptibility of the algorithmic operation process and its uncertain impact on public values lead to such problems as algorithmic hegemony, algorithmic discrimination, and algorithmic bias, which are difficult to solve with the present mechanism of algorithmic regulation. To effectively deal with such problems, the “fuse” mechanism in the physics field, which is characterized by the attribute of “fuse-remedy”, is introduced into algorithmic impact assessments and forms a new framework named the “fuse” mechanism of algorithmic administration. This new framework includes four main steps: scenario analysis, threshold setting, meltdown monitoring, and corrective actions. It links the mechanism of ex-ante prevention with that of after-action maintenance, which can overcome the shortage of lack of after-action remediation in the algorithmic impact assessment system. Meanwhile, it brings some important institutional implications, that is, classification matching, signal transmission, overload protection, and potential perception. The integrated analytical framework can help government sectors to timely perceive, accurately determine, and proactively prevent algorithmic risks before the spillover of algorithmic administrative risks, which may realize the forward movement of algorithmic aregulation and corrections, and eventually maximize the maintenance of public value.

algorithmic regulation, “fuse” mechanism of algorithmic administration, algorithmic impact assessments, principle of fuse, meltdown and remedies